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Research Areas

Temporary and Gig Workers

The increased use of contingent (i.e., non-permanent) employment arrangements is transforming Canadian workplaces. Tasks that might have been given to permanent employees in the past are increasingly being given to workers hired on a temporary basis and to independent contractors or “gig” workers. We study how individuals adapt to contingent work arrangements, and the true organizational costs of hiring different types of contingent workers, including through Canada's Temporary Foreign Worker Program.

Temporary and Gig Workers Resources

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  1. Stevens, A. & Connelly, C. E. (2024). Not a good fit? The roles of aesthetic labour, gender, race, Indigeneity, and citizenship in food service employment. The Economic and Labour Relations Review..

  2. Connelly, C. E. (2023). NOW AVAILABLE: Enduring Work: Experiences with Canada’s Temporary Foreign Worker Program. .

  3. Connelly, C. E., Fieseler, C., Černe, M., Giessner, S. R., & Wong, S. I (2020). Working in the digitized economy: HRM theory & practice. .

  4. Connelly, C. E., & Murphy, M. (2017). Alternative work arrangements. In D. Ones, N. Anderson, H. Sinangil, & C. Viswesvaran (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of industrial, work & organizational psychology (2nd ed., vol. 3). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications..

  5. Bernhard-Oettel, C., De Cuyper, N., Murphy, M., & Connelly, C. E. (2017). How do we feel and behave when we’re not permanent full-time employees? The case of the diverse forms of non-standard work. In N. Chmiel, F. Fraccaroli, & M. Sverke (Eds.), An introduction to work and organizational psychology: An international perspective (3rd ed.). (pp. 258-275). Chichester: Wiley..

  6. Fisher, S. L. & Connelly, C. E. (2017). Lower cost or just lower value? Modeling the organizational costs and benefits of contingent work. Academy of Management Discoveries, 3(2), 165-186.

  7. Connelly, C. E., Gallagher, D. G., & Wilkin, C. L. (2014). The potential “spillover” of temporary agency work. In B. Koene, C. Garsten, & N. Galais (Eds.), Management and organization of temporary agency work (pp. 103-117). New York: Routledge.

  8. Gallagher, D.G., & Connelly, C.E. (2012). Rethinking the employee-organization relationship: Insights from the experiences of contingent workers.. In L. Shore, J. Coyle-Shapiro, & L. Tetrick (Eds.), The employee-organization relationship: Applications for the 21st century (pp. 255-280). New York: Routledge..

  9. Connelly, C. E., Wilkin, C. L., & Gallagher, D. G. (2011). Understanding underemployment among contingent workers. In D. Maynard & D. Feldman (Eds.). Underemployment: Psychological, economic, and social challenges (pp. 145-163). New York: Springer..

  10. Connelly, C. E., Gallagher, D. G., & Webster, J. (2011). Predicting temporary agency workers’ behaviors: Justice, volition, and spillover. Career Development International, 16(2), 178-194.

  11. Gallagher, D. G., & Connelly, C. E. (2008). Nonstandard work arrangements: Meaning, evidence, and theoretical perspectives. In J. Barling & C. Cooper (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of organizational behavior (pp. 621-640). London: Sage..

  12. Connelly, C. E., Gallagher, D. G., & Gilley, K. M. (2007). Organizational and client commitment among contracted employees: A replication and extension with temporary workers. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 70, 326-335.

  13. Connelly, C. E., & Gallagher, D. G. (2006). Independent and dependent contracting: Meaning and implications. Human Resource Management Review, 16, 95-106.

  14. Connelly, C.E. (2004). Temporary workers, permanent consequences: Behavioral implications of the triangular employment relationship. Ph.D. Thesis. Queen's University. August, 2004..

  15. Connelly, C. E., & Gallagher, D. G. (2004). Managing contingent workers: Adapting to new realities. In R. Burke, & C. Cooper (Eds.) Leading in turbulent times: Managing in the new world of work (pp.143-164). Oxford: Blackwell..

  16. Connelly, C. E., & Gallagher, D. G. (2004). Emerging trends in contingent work research. Journal of Management, 30, 959-983.

  17. Gallagher, D. G., & Connelly, C. E. (2003). Contingent employment arrangements: Implications for human service work. In J. Hellgren, K. Näswall, M. Sverke, & M. Söderfeldt (Eds.), New Organizational Challenges for Human Service Work (pp.59-73). Munich: Rainer Hampp Verlag..